From an operation and maintenance perspective, granular fertilizer packaging machines can be divided into the following functional modules:
(I) Feeding Module: Includes a storage hopper, pneumatic arc-shaped gate feeder (or vibrating feeder), feeding motor, solenoid valve, etc. The feeding device is the main actuator and its working status needs to be checked regularly.
(II) Weighing Module: Includes a weighing sensor (imported high-precision components), weighing hopper, and weighing control instrument. The sensor is the most precise component and needs to be calibrated regularly.
(III) Bag Clamping and Filling Module: Includes a pneumatic bag clamp and a discharge hopper. Sealing components need to be checked and replaced regularly.
(IV) Conveying and Sealing Module: Includes a belt conveyor, bag sewing machine, or heat sealing machine.
(V) Control Module: Includes a PLC controller, weighing control instrument, and human-machine interface.
Application range of equipment
Granular fertilizer packaging machines are widely used in the fertilizer, chemical, grain, and feed industries for quantitative packaging of granular materials. They are particularly suitable for packaging granular fertilizers such as compound fertilizers, blended fertilizers, BB fertilizers, urea, potash fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, and organic fertilizers.
Types of available raw materials
The raw materials that the granular fertilizer packaging machine can process include: compound fertilizer granules, blended fertilizer granules, BB fertilizer granules, urea granules, potash fertilizer granules, phosphate fertilizer granules, organic fertilizer granules, granular pesticides, seeds, plastic granules, etc.
Working principle of the equipment
The working principle of the granular fertilizer packaging machine is based on the coordinated mechanism of electronic weighing and PLC automatic control. The system controls the feeding mechanism to add material to the weighing hopper or packaging bag according to the set packaging weight. Weighing sensors monitor weight changes in real time. A two-stage feeding method (fast and slow) ensures accuracy. Feeding stops when the set value is reached, and filling, conveying, and sealing are completed.
Equipment operation method
(I) Pre-start Preparation: Operators should wear appropriate personal protective equipment as required. Confirm that the power supply voltage is stable (within ±5%) and the air pressure meets the standard (usually 0.4-0.6MPa). Check for loose screws in all parts. Check that the weighing sensor is installed horizontally and that the wiring is secure. Check that the pneumatic system pressure is sufficient.
(II) Parameter Setting and Operation: Set the packaging weight and tolerance range through the human-machine interface. Start the automatic packaging program. The equipment automatically completes the feeding, weighing, filling, and conveying processes. During operation, it is strictly forbidden to put hands into the bag clamping mechanism or the feeding port.
(III) Shutdown Operation: First, turn off the material supply. After the hopper is emptied, turn off the main unit and disconnect the power. Maintain equipment usage and maintenance records and complete shift handover procedures.
Equipment maintenance methods
(I) Daily Maintenance: Clean residual materials and dust from the equipment after each shift. Check all fastening bolts for looseness. Pay attention to waterproofing, moisture-proofing, and corrosion prevention of electrical components; keep the electrical control box and wiring terminals clean.
(II) Regular Maintenance: Perform a component inspection at least once a month, checking the worm gear, worm shaft, bearings, and other moving parts for smooth rotation and wear. If the material is prone to absorbing moisture and clumping (such as fertilizer granules), when disassembling the metering components to clean residual materials, a hot air gun can be used for low-temperature drying (temperature ≤60℃). Regularly calibrate the weighing system.
(III) Electrical Maintenance: Check for loose or aging wiring terminals. Test the sensitivity of the emergency stop button and photoelectric sensor. Keep the inside of the electrical control box clean to prevent electrical failures.
Equipment troubleshooting
Unstable metering accuracy: Check if the material is uniform and if the hopper level is stable. Clean dust from the sensor surface and check for loose components. Adjust the feeding speed and add a buffer device. Recalibrate the weighing system using standard weights.
Material jamming: Stop the machine and clear any blockages. Check if the feeding device is stuck. Ensure the hopper level is sufficient and stable.
Poor bag clamping: Check if the air source pressure is within the range of 0.4-0.6 MPa. Replace worn-out seals. Adjust the bag opening positioning device.
Poor sealing: Replace the sewing machine needle or adjust the heat sealing temperature. Regularly check the working condition of the sealing mechanism.
Abnormal equipment noise: Check if the bearings are worn. Check if the transmission components are loose. Tighten or replace damaged parts promptly.
